Web Mapping Illustrated. Using Open Source GIS Toolkits

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• Web Mapping Illustrated
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  • A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
  • Foreword
  • Preface
    • Youthful Exploration
    • The Tools in This Book
    • What This Book Covers
    • Organization of This Book
    • Conventions Used in This Book
    • Safari Enabled
    • Comments and Questions
    • Acknowledgments
  • 1. Introduction to Digital Mapping
    • 1.1. The Power of Digital Maps
    • 1.2. The Difficulties of Making Maps
      • 1.2.1. Personal Maps
      • 1.2.2. Technology Barriers
    • 1.3. Different Kinds of Web Mapping
      • 1.3.1. Web Map Users
      • 1.3.2. Web Sites with a Web Mapping Component
        • 1.3.2.1. Behind the web page
        • 1.3.2.2. Making your own web mapping site
  • 2. Digital Mapping Tasks and Tools
    • 2.1. Common Mapping Tasks
    • 2.2. Common Pitfalls, Deadends, and Irritations
      • 2.2.1. Finding Good Source Data
      • 2.2.2. Dependency on Digital Tools
      • 2.2.3. Understanding Data Formats
      • 2.2.4. Using the Right Tools
    • 2.3. Identifying the Types of Tasks for a Project
      • 2.3.1. Viewing and Mapping
      • 2.3.2. Analysis
      • 2.3.3. Creating and Manipulating
      • 2.3.4. Conversion
      • 2.3.5. Sharing
  • 3. Converting and Viewing Maps
    • 3.1. Raster and Vector
    • 3.2. OpenEV
    • 3.3. MapServer
      • 3.3.1. Data Access and Performance
      • 3.3.2. Portability
    • 3.4. Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL)
      • 3.4.1. Raster Formats Supported by GDAL
      • 3.4.2. Programming Libraries
      • 3.4.3. GDAL Utilities
    • 3.5. OGR Simple Features Library
      • 3.5.1. Vector Formats Supported by OGR
      • 3.5.2. OGR Utilities and Examples
    • 3.6. PostGIS
      • 3.6.1. GIS Analysis with SQL
    • 3.7. Summary of Applications
  • 4. Installing MapServer
    • 4.1. How MapServer Applications Operate
    • 4.2. Walkthrough of the Main Components
      • 4.2.1. MapServer Executable
      • 4.2.2. MapServers Map File
      • 4.2.3. Data Sources
      • 4.2.4. Output Map Image
    • 4.3. Installing MapServer
      • 4.3.1. Platforms
      • 4.3.2. Acquiring MapServer Binaries
        • 4.3.2.1. Windows versions
        • 4.3.2.2. Linux binaries
        • 4.3.2.3. Linux GIS distributions
        • 4.3.2.4. Linux RPM versions
        • 4.3.2.5. Debian Linux versions
        • 4.3.2.6. Mac OS X
      • 4.3.3. Compiling MapServer Source Code
        • 4.3.3.1. Downloading sources
        • 4.3.3.2. Configuring sources
        • 4.3.3.3. configure options
        • 4.3.3.4. Dependencies
        • 4.3.3.5. Making a compile
        • 4.3.3.6. Installation
        • 4.3.3.7. A quick test of the install
    • 4.4. Getting Help
  • 5. Acquiring Map Data
    • 5.1. Appraising Your Data Needs
      • 5.1.1. Vector Maps or Raster Maps?
      • 5.1.2. What Kind of Vector Data Do You Require?
      • 5.1.3. What Kind of Raster Data Do You Require?
      • 5.1.4. What Scale of Map Do You Require?
      • 5.1.5. Do You Need Three Dimensions?
    • 5.2. Acquiring the Data You Need
      • 5.2.1. Finding Premade Maps
      • 5.2.2. Finding Satellite Images or Shaded Surface Maps
      • 5.2.3. Finding Map Data
  • 6. Analyzing Map Data
    • 6.1. Downloading the Demonstration Data
    • 6.2. Installing Data Management Tools: GDAL and FWTools
    • 6.3. Examining Data Content
      • 6.3.1. Viewing Summary Information About Airports
      • 6.3.2. Viewing Detailed Airport Location Information
      • 6.3.3. Viewing Statistics About a Satellite Image
    • 6.4. Summarizing Information Using Other Tools
      • 6.4.1. Setting Up Processing Tools for Non-GNU Platforms
      • 6.4.2. Using ogrinfo to List Data in a Shapefile
      • 6.4.3. Using grep to Show Only the Names of the Airports
      • 6.4.4. Using wc to Count the Number of Airport Names
      • 6.4.5. Using sed to Find Specific Patterns in Airport Names
      • 6.4.6. Use sed to Reformat Print Results
      • 6.4.7. Using sed to Remove Lines and Trim the Front End of Lines
      • 6.4.8. Using sort to Create a List of Ordered Elevations
      • 6.4.9. Using uniq to Summarize Results of Duplicate Lines
      • 6.4.10. Other Powerful Text-Processing Tools
  • 7. Converting Map Data
    • 7.1. Converting Map Data
    • 7.2. Converting Vector Data
      • 7.2.1. Geography Markup Language (GML)
      • 7.2.2. Converting a Shapefile to GML
      • 7.2.3. Creating a New File with Only a Subset of Point Features
      • 7.2.4. Putting One Airport to a New Shapefile
      • 7.2.5. Converting Shapefiles to Other File Formats
      • 7.2.6. Converting to a PostgreSQL Database
    • 7.3. Converting Raster Data to Other Formats
      • 7.3.1. Translating an Image to Another Format
      • 7.3.2. Using gdal_translate to Create a JPEG Preview of a Satellite Image
      • 7.3.3. Clipping an Area of Interest and Creating a Small JPEG of a Satellite Image
  • 8. Visualizing Mapping Data in a Desktop Program
    • 8.1. Visualization and Mapping Programs
      • 8.1.1. Other Open Source Mapping Programs
      • 8.1.2. Other Free-to-Use Programs
      • 8.1.3. Other Commercial Programs
    • 8.2. Using OpenEV
      • 8.2.1. Installing OpenEV
      • 8.2.2. Loading Sample Map Data into OpenEV
      • 8.2.3. Open the Airports Shapefile
      • 8.2.4. Using the Layers Window
      • 8.2.5. Changing General Layer Settings
      • 8.2.6. Changing Draw Styles for Layers
      • 8.2.7. Adding More Data to the View
    • 8.3. OpenEV Basics
      • 8.3.1. Zooming
      • 8.3.2. Panning
      • 8.3.3. Color Theming
      • 8.3.4. Loading a Raster
      • 8.3.5. Reprojecting Data to Match Another Layer
      • 8.3.6. Creating a 3D View
        • 8.3.6.1. Preparing the Digital Elevation Model
        • 8.3.6.2. Preparing the drape image
        • 8.3.6.3. Initiating the 3D view
        • 8.3.6.4. Navigating the 3D view
  • 9. Create and Edit Personal Map Data
    • 9.1. Planning Your Map
      • 9.1.1. Choosing a General Scale and Extent
      • 9.1.2. Identifying Data Requirements for Your Base Map
      • 9.1.3. What Are Your Sources?
        • 9.1.3.1. GPS
        • 9.1.3.2. Air photo interpretation
        • 9.1.3.3. Derived products
        • 9.1.3.4. Local knowledge
    • 9.2. Preprocessing Data Examples
      • 9.2.1. Clipping Out an Area of Interest
      • 9.2.2. Starting to Draw Your Map Features
        • 9.2.2.1. Mapping locations of interest (point data)
        • 9.2.2.2. Creating and saving tabular attributes
        • 9.2.2.3. Mapping roads and transportation paths (linear datalinear data
        • 9.2.2.4. Mapping regions of interest (area/polygons data)
  • 10. Creating Static Maps
    • 10.1. MapServer Utilities
    • 10.2. Sample Uses of the Command-Line Utilities
      • 10.2.1. Acquire Some Mapping Data
      • 10.2.2. Creating a Simple MapServer Map File
      • 10.2.3. Map File Rules and Recommendations
      • 10.2.4. Creating Your First Map Image
      • 10.2.5. Adding Labels to the Map
      • 10.2.6. Determining the Extent of a Country
      • 10.2.7. Color Theming the Map
      • 10.2.8. Understanding Operators
      • 10.2.9. Creating a Map Legend
      • 10.2.10. Adding a Scale Bar Using the scalebar Command
      • 10.2.11. The Final Map File
    • 10.3. Setting Output Image Formats
  • 11. Publishing Interactive Maps on the Web
    • 11.1. Preparing and Testing MapServer
      • 11.1.1. MapServer for Windows (MS4W)
      • 11.1.2. MapServer on Linux with Apache
      • 11.1.3. Configuring Apache
        • 11.1.3.1. Windows temporary image folder location
        • 11.1.3.2. Linux temporary image folder location
      • 11.1.4. Testing and Troubleshooting
        • 11.1.4.1. Testing mapserv.exe on Windows
        • 11.1.4.2. Testing mapserv with Apache on Linux
      • 11.1.5. Testing the MapServer Setup Using a Demo Application
    • 11.2. Create a Custom Application for a Particular Area
      • 11.2.1. Changing the Initial Extent of the Map
      • 11.2.2. Changing the Map Projection
        • 11.2.2.1. Setting the map and layer projections
        • 11.2.2.2. Choosing an output map projection
        • 11.2.2.3. EPSG projection codes versus project details
        • 11.2.2.4. Modifying the map extent
      • 11.2.3. Modifying Image Size to Better Fit the Extent of the Map
      • 11.2.4. Adding Zoom and Recenter Tools to the Web Page
      • 11.2.5. Adding a List of Layers to Choose From
      • 11.2.6. Adding a Legend to the Application
        • 11.2.6.1. Removing the embedded legend from the map file
        • 11.2.6.2. Adding the legend graphic to the web page
        • 11.2.6.3. Adding a link to the legend image
      • 11.2.7. Adding a Scale Bar to the Application
      • 11.2.8. Adding an Overview/Reference Map to the Application
    • 11.3. Continuing Education
  • 12. Accessing Maps Through Web Services
    • 12.1. Web Services for Mapping
    • 12.2. What Do Web Services for Mapping Do?
      • 12.2.1. Why Use These Services?
      • 12.2.2. Internal Versus External Needs
    • 12.3. Using MapServer with Web Services
      • 12.3.1. Web Map Service (WMS)
        • 12.3.1.1. Checking the capabilities of a WMS provider
        • 12.3.1.2. Manually requesting a map from a WMS source
        • 12.3.1.3. Adding a WMS layer to a MapServer map file
        • 12.3.1.4. Using MapServer as a WMS server
        • 12.3.1.5. Checking your own WMS capabilities document
      • 12.3.2. Web Feature Service (WFS)
        • 12.3.2.1. Checking the capabilities of a WFS provider
        • 12.3.2.2. Manually requesting data from a WFS source
        • 12.3.2.3. Adding a WFS layer to a MapServer map file
        • 12.3.2.4. Using MapServer as a WFS server
        • 12.3.2.5. Checking your own WFS capabilities document
    • 12.4. Reference Map Files
  • 13. Managing a Spatial Database
    • 13.1. Introducing PostGIS
    • 13.2. What Is a Spatial Database?
      • 13.2.1. Server-Based GIS
    • 13.3. Downloading PostGIS Install Packages and Binaries
      • 13.3.1. PostGIS for Windows
      • 13.3.2. PostGIS for Linux
        • 13.3.2.1. RPM packages
        • 13.3.2.2. Debian packages
      • 13.3.3. PostGIS for Mac OS X
    • 13.4. Compiling from Source Code
    • 13.5. Steps for Setting Up PostGIS
      • 13.5.1. Getting PostgreSQL Up and Running
      • 13.5.2. Enabling pl/pgsql Language Support
      • 13.5.3. Loading the postgis.sql Script
      • 13.5.4. Loading the spatial_ref_sys.sql Script
      • 13.5.5. Testing PostGIS Functionality
    • 13.6. Creating a Spatial Database
    • 13.7. Load Data into the Database
      • 13.7.1. Using shp2pgsql
      • 13.7.2. Using ogr2ogr
    • 13.8. Spatial Data Queries
      • 13.8.1. Building Spatial Indexes
      • 13.8.2. Critical Tabular Indexes
      • 13.8.3. Querying for Spatial Proximity
        • 13.8.3.1. Find the county for a given point
        • 13.8.3.2. Querying for nearby county polygons
        • 13.8.3.3. Planning to visualize query results
    • 13.9. Accessing Spatial Data from PostGIS in Other Applications
      • 13.9.1. Exporting PostGIS Data into a Shapefile or GML
      • 13.9.2. Viewing PostGIS Data in OpenEV
      • 13.9.3. Viewing PostGIS Data in MapServer
        • 13.9.3.1. Highlighting a subset of shapes
        • 13.9.3.2. Using subqueries for more complex SQL
        • 13.9.3.3. Using PostGIS attributes to draw labels
      • 13.9.4. Using PostGIS in Other Applications
        • 13.9.4.1. ArcMap and PostGIS
  • 14. Custom Programming with MapServer's MapScript
    • 14.1. Introducing MapScript
    • 14.2. Getting MapScript
      • 14.2.1. Building MapScript from Source Code
      • 14.2.2. Obtaining Binary Versions of MapScript
      • 14.2.3. Getting Help
    • 14.3. MapScript Objects
    • 14.4. MapScript Examples
      • 14.4.1. Opening the Map File and Drawing the Map
      • 14.4.2. Manipulating Map Settings
      • 14.4.3. Creating a Map File from Scratch
    • 14.5. Other Resources
    • 14.6. Parallel MapScript Translations
  • A. A Brief Introduction to Map Projections
    • A.1. The Third Spheroid from the Sun
      • A.1.1. Geographic Coordinate System
        • A.1.1.1. Decimal degrees versus degrees minutes seconds
      • A.1.2. Map Projections: Flattening the Spheroid
      • A.1.3. Planar/Projected Coordinate System
    • A.2. Using Map Projections with MapServer
      • A.2.1. EPSG Codes
        • A.2.1.1. EPSG versus epsg
    • A.3. Map Projection Examples
      • A.3.1. Simple Cylindrical Projection
        • A.3.1.1. MapServer syntax
      • A.3.2. Orthographic Projection
        • A.3.2.1. MapServer syntax
      • A.3.3. Mercator Projection
        • A.3.3.1. MapServer syntax
      • A.3.4. Transverse Mercator Projection
        • A.3.4.1. MapServer syntax
      • A.3.5. Albers Equal Area Projection
        • A.3.5.1. MapServer syntax
      • A.3.6. Stereographic Projection
        • A.3.6.1. MapServer syntax
      • A.3.7. Universal Transverse Mercator Projection
        • A.3.7.1. MapServer syntax
    • A.4. Using Projections with Other Applications
    • A.5. References
  • B. MapServer Reference Guide for Vector Data Access
    • B.1. Vector Data
      • B.1.1. MapServer and Vector Data Access
        • B.1.1.1. Using OGR
      • B.1.2. Data Format Types
        • B.1.2.1. File-based data
        • B.1.2.2. Directory-based data
        • B.1.2.3. Database connections
    • B.2. Data Format Guide
    • • ESRI Shapefiles (SHP)
    • • PostGIS/PostgreSQL Database
    • • MapInfo Files (TAB/MID/MIF)
    • • Oracle Spatial Database
    • • Web Feature Service (WFS)
    • • Geography Markup Language Files (GML)
    • • VirtualSpatialData (ODBC/OVF)
    • • TIGER/Line Files
    • • ESRI ArcInfo Coverage Files
    • • ESRI ArcSDE Database (SDE)
    • • Microstation Design Files (DGN)
    • • IHO S-57 Files
    • • Spatial Data Transfer Standard Files (SDTS)
    • • Inline MapServer Features
    • • National Transfer Format Files (NTF)
  • About the Author
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