ASP.NET Site Performance Secrets. Simple and proven techniques to quickly speed up your ASP.NET website

Spis treści książki

• ASP.NET Site Performance Secrets
  • Table of Contents
  • ASP.NET Site Performance Secrets
  • Credits
  • About the Author
  • About the Reviewers
  • Preface
    • What this book covers
    • What you need for this book
    • Who this book is for
    • Conventions
    • Reader feedback
    • Customer support
      • Errata
      • Piracy
      • Questions
  • 1. High Level Diagnosis
    • Assuring good performance
      • Continuous monitoring
      • Setting performance goals
      • Iterative improvements
      • Monitoring services
    • High-level diagnosis with Waterfall charts
    • Creating a Waterfall chart using Firebug
      • Installing Firebug
      • Creating the Waterfall chart
      • Interpreting the Waterfall chart
        • Request and response information
        • Timeline information
        • Page-level information
        • Saving information
    • Categorizing bottlenecks using Waterfall charts
      • Scenario 1: Main .aspx file takes long to arrive
      • Scenario 2: Main .aspx file takes long to load over the Internet
      • Scenario 3: Images take long to load
      • Scenario 4: JavaScript file blocks rendering
    • Waterfall generators for other browsers
      • Fiddler (browser-independent)
      • Internet Explorer via WebPagetest
      • Google Chrome
      • Apple Safari
    • More Waterfall chart generators
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 2. Reducing Time to First Byte
    • Pinpointing bottlenecks
      • Memory
        • Windows Server 2003
        • Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, or Windows 7
        • Simulating a memory shortage
      • Caching
      • CPU
      • Thread usage
      • Long wait times
    • Additional measures
      • Deployment
        • Building projects in release mode
        • Publishing your website
        • Disabling debug mode
        • Reducing number of assemblies
      • Reducing round trips
        • Using Server.Transfer instead of Response.Redirect
        • Always specifying the default file in URLs
        • Permanent redirects
        • Minimizing CNAME records
      • SSL
      • Unwanted requests
        • Search engine bots
        • Hotlinking
        • CAPTCHA
        • Scrapers
        • Usability testing
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 3. Memory
    • Managed resources
      • Life cycle
      • Generations
      • Large Object Heap
      • Counters
      • CLR profiler
      • Garbage collector versions
      • Acquire late
        • Release early
        • Using StringBuilder to concatenate strings
          • Using StringBuilder
            • When not to use StringBuilder
            • StringBuilder capacity
          • Using Compare for case-insensitive compares
          • Using Response.Write buffer
          • Pooling objects over 85 KB
    • Unmanaged resources
      • IDisposable
      • Counters
    • Sessions
      • Reducing session state life time
        • Reducing space taken by session state
        • Using another session mode
        • Stop using session state
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 4. CPU
    • Identifying bottlenecks
    • Tools
    • Data access
      • Connection pooling
      • DataSet versus List
      • Returning multiple result sets
      • Sending multiple inserts in one go
      • Using native data providers
    • Exceptions
      • Revealing the time taken by exceptions
      • Counters
    • DataBinder.Eval
    • Garbage collector
    • Threading
    • StringBuilder
    • Regex instantiation
    • UtcNow
    • Foreach
    • Virtual properties
    • Avoid unnecessary processing
    • Trimming HTTP pipeline
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 5. Caching
    • Browser caching
      • OutputCache directive
      • Enabling caching in code
      • Disabling caching in code
    • Proxy caching
      • Caching different versions of the same page
      • Cookies
      • Removing query string from URL
        • URLRewrite extension to IIS 7
        • RewritePath method in Global.asax
        • Resetting the form action attribute
    • Output caching
      • What to cache and what not to cache
      • Enabling output caching
      • Output cache example
      • VaryByParam
      • VaryByHeader
      • VaryByCustom
      • VaryByCustom by browser
      • Fragment caching
      • Post-cache substitution
      • Output cache provider
        • Creating an output cache provider
          • Set
          • Get
          • Add
          • Remove
        • Using an output cache provider
    • Kernel caching and IIS 7 output caching
      • Configuring IIS caching
      • Limitations of kernel caching
      • Checking the contents of the kernel cache
    • Data caching
      • Basic use
      • Expiry
      • Priority
      • File dependencies
      • Database dependencies
        • Restrictions on queries
        • Starting the Service Broker
        • Starting the listening service
        • Creating the dependency
      • Item removed callback
        • Things to keep in mind
      • Optimal use of server cache
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 6. Thread Usage
    • Asynchronous web service access
      • Synchronous version
      • Asynchronous version
    • Asynchronous data access layer
      • Usage
      • Implementation
      • Performance testing
    • Asynchronous generic handlers
      • Synchronous version
      • Asynchronous version
      • Implementation
      • Performance testing
    • Asynchronous file writes
      • Synchronous version
      • Asynchronous version
      • A word of caution
    • Asynchronous web requests
    • Configuration changes
      • IIS 6, IIS 7 Classic Mode
        • I/O-related configuration
          • ASP.NET 2.0
        • IIS 7 integrated mode
        • Maximum queue size
    • Setting timeouts aggressively
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 7. Reducing Long Wait Times
    • Measuring wait times
      • Creating custom counters
        • Creating counters with Visual Studio
        • Creating counters programmatically
      • Updating counters in your code
      • Viewing custom counters in perfmon
    • Waiting concurrently
    • Retrieving multiple result sets from the database
    • Reducing overhead by using off-box session modes
      • Reducing trips to the database
      • Setting EnableSessionState
      • Reducing serialization and transfer overhead
      • Cutting your dependence on sessions
    • Thread locking
      • Minimizing the duration of locks
      • Using granular locks
      • Using System.Threading.Interlocked
      • Using ReaderWriterLock
        • Acquiring a reader lock
        • Acquiring a writer lock
        • Alternating readers and writers
    • Optimizing disk writes
      • Avoiding head seeks
      • Using FileStream.SetLength to avoid fragmentation
      • Using 64 K buffers
      • Disabling 8.3 filenames
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 8. Speeding up Database Access
    • Pinpointing bottlenecks
      • Missing indexes and expensive queries
        • Missing indexes
        • Expensive queries
        • Unused indexes
      • Locking
      • Execution plan reuse
        • Performance counters
        • dm_exec_query_optimizer_info
        • sys.dm_exec_cached_plans
      • Fragmentation
      • Memory
      • Disk usage
      • CPU
    • Fixing bottlenecks
      • Missing indexes
        • Clustered index
        • Non-clustered index
        • Included columns
        • Selecting columns to give an index
          • When to use an index
          • When not to use an index
            • Column updated often
            • Low specificity
          • When to use a clustered index
        • Maintaining indexes
      • Expensive queries
        • Cache aggregation queries
        • Keeping records short
        • Considering denormalization
        • Being careful with triggers
        • Using table variables for small temporary result sets
        • Using full-text search instead of LIKE
        • Replacing cursors with set-based code
          • Minimizing traffic from SQL server to web server
          • Object naming
          • Using SET NOCOUNT ON
          • Using FILESTREAM for values over 1 MB
          • Avoiding functions on columns in WHERE clauses
          • Using UNION ALL instead of UNION
          • Using EXISTS instead of COUNT to find existence of records
          • Combining SELECT and UPDATE
        • Locking
          • Gathering detailed locking information
          • Reducing blocking
          • Reducing deadlocks
        • Execution plan reuse
          • Ad hoc queries
          • Simple parameterization
          • sp_executesql
          • Stored procedures
          • Preventing reuse
        • Fragmentation
          • Index rebuild
          • Index reorganize
          • Heap table defragmentation
        • Memory
        • Disk usage
          • Optimizing query processing
          • Moving the logfile to a dedicated physical disk
          • Reducing fragmentation of the NTFS filesystem
          • Considering moving the tempdb database to its own disk
          • Splitting the database data over two or more disks
          • Moving heavily-used database objects to another disk
          • Using the optimal RAID configuration
        • CPU
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 9. Reducing Time to Last Byte
    • Pinpointing bottlenecks
      • Compression
      • ViewState
        • What is ViewState?
        • Why reduce ViewState?
        • Measuring your ViewState
          • Quickly finding where ViewState is an issue
          • Measuring compressed ViewState
          • Having ViewState size on status bar
      • Optimizing forms
      • White space
    • Fixing bottlenecks
      • ViewState
        • Seeing ViewState generated by each control
        • Disabling Viewstate
        • Identifying controls that do not need ViewState
        • Reloading from database cache
        • Storing a shorter version of the property value
        • Storing ViewState on the server
        • Compressing Viewstate
          • Implementing compression
          • Implementing decompression
          • Using ViewState compression on a page
      • Reducing white space
        • Creating the filter
        • Creating the HTTP Module
        • Adding the HTTP Module to web.config
    • Additional measures
      • Event validation
      • Inline JavaScript and CSS
      • Avoiding inline styling
      • Reducing space taken by ASP.NET IDs
        • Opting out of IDs
        • Keeping IDs short
      • Using ASP.NET comments instead of HTML comments
      • Using Literal control instead of Label control
      • Avoiding repetition
        • Using shorter URLs
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 10. Compression
    • Agreeing on compression
    • Configuring compression in IIS 7
      • Installing the dynamic content compression module
      • Enabling compression
      • Setting compression by site, folder, or file
      • Compression level
      • Disabling compression based on CPU usage
      • Setting the request frequency threshold for static compression
      • Caching compressed dynamic files
        • Storing compressed files in the output cache
        • What if a client doesnt accept compressed content?
    • Configuring compression in IIS 6
      • Switching on compression in the IIS Manager
      • Setting permissions on the folder where compressed static files are cached
    • Updating the metabase
      • Resetting the IIS server
    • Configuring compression in IIS 5
    • Using compression in your development environment
      • Installing IIS 7
      • Enabling compression
      • Creating a development site in IIS
      • Modifying your project so it uses the development site
    • Measuring the difference compression makes
    • Improving the compressibility of your pages
    • Is compression the magic bullet?
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 11. Optimizing Forms
    • Client-side validation
      • ASP.NET validation controls
        • Quick example
        • Available validator controls
        • Validation summary
        • Disabling validation
        • Overhead
      • Validate JavaScript library
        • Initialization
        • Built-in validation methods
        • Adding validation methods
        • Formatting error messages
        • Content Delivery Network (CDN)
        • Overhead
    • Submitting forms asynchronously
      • UpdatePanel control
      • Page Methods
      • Web service
      • Generic handler
        • Building the generic handler
        • Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks
        • Calling the generic handler
      • WCF Data Services and the Entity Framework
        • Creating the entity data model
        • Creating the WCF Data Service
        • Calling the WCF Data Service from JavaScript
        • Bugs and limitations in WCF Data Services
          • Allowing the precompiled site to be updatable when publishing your site
          • Providing database access to [NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE]
          • Disabling batch compilation
      • Creating an activity indicator
    • AJAX-type grids
      • Free, lightweight grids
      • Paid, heavyweight grids
      • Building your own grid
      • Working sample code
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 12. Reducing Image Load Times
    • Caching
      • Cache-Control response header
      • Preventing conditional requests
      • Expires header
      • Configuring Cache-Control in IIS 7
      • Configuring Cache-Control in IIS 6
      • Giving identical URLs to identical images
    • Serving images from cookieless subdomains
    • Parallel loading
    • Image control adapter
    • Image size
      • Using the optimal image format
      • Why to avoid scaling images in HTML
      • Tools
        • PNGOUT
        • Pngcrush
        • Jpegtran
        • NConvert
        • ImageMagick
    • Combining images
    • Ways to avoid images
      • Rounded corners in CSS
      • Utility symbols
    • Shortcut icon
    • Content Delivery Network
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 13. Improving JavaScript Loading
    • Problem: JavaScript loading blocks page rendering
      • Confirming with a test site
      • Approaches to reduce the impact on load times
    • Approach 1: Start loading after other components
    • Approach 2: Loading JavaScript more quickly
      • Techniques used with images
      • Free Content Delivery Networks
      • GZIP compression
      • Minifying a JavaScript file
        • Tools
        • Impact of minification
        • Implementing minification
          • HTTP handler
          • Configuring the handler in web.config
          • Enabling GZIP compression for dynamic files
      • Combining or breaking up
        • When and why to combine
        • When and why to break up
        • Measuring each scenario
        • Preventing 304 messages
        • Implementing automatic file combining
          • ASP.NET ScriptManager Control
          • Compression (deflate) and HTML, CSS, JS Minification in ASP.NET
          • Combres 2.0
          • FileCombine
      • Removing unused code
    • Approach 3: Loading JavaScript on demand
      • Separating user interface code from render code
      • OnDemandLoader library
      • Initializing OnDemandLoader
      • Invoking not-yet-loaded functions
      • Preloading
    • Approach 4: Loading Javascript without blocking
      • Moving all <script> tags to the end of the page
      • Separating user interface code and render code
      • Introducing page loading indicator
      • Loading code in parallel with page
        • Initializing the loader object
        • Loading the code while the page is loading
        • Ensuring that code runs after the page is rendered
    • Improving ad loading
    • Improving CSS Loading
      • Minifying CSS
      • Removing unused CSS selectors
      • Loading CSS without blocking rendering
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • 14. Load Testing
    • Using a load test environment
      • Load testing individual components during development
      • Testing page-by-page
      • Testing performance improvements
      • Acceptance testing
      • Additional best practices
    • Building a load test environment
    • Hosting the website under load
      • Installing IIS on Vista or Windows 7
        • Limitations
        • Installation
        • Opening the Firewall
        • Installing Windows Server 2008
        • Running Windows Server 2008 alongside Vista or Windows 7
        • Installing Virtual PC 2007
        • Installing Windows Server 2008
        • Getting more out of Virtual PC
          • Keystrokes
          • Screen size
          • Installing Virtual Machine Additions
        • Creating a shared folder
        • Installing .NET 4 or .NET 3.5 Service Pack 1
        • Installing and configuring IIS 7 on Windows Server 2008
        • Opening the Firewall
      • Installing Windows Server 2003
        • Running Windows Server 2003 alongside Vista or Windows 7
        • Installing Windows Server 2003
        • Creating a shared folder
        • Installing .NET 4 or .NET 3.5 Service Pack 1
        • Installing and configuring IIS 6 on Windows Server 2003
        • Opening the Firewall
      • ASP.NET test site
    • Installing a database
      • Downloading
      • Installation
      • Opening port in Firewall
      • Enabling remote administration
      • Test page
    • Setting up a load generator
      • Load generation services
      • WCAT
        • Installing WCAT
        • Creating a simple test
          • Settings and scenario file
          • Scenario attributes
          • Default element
          • Transaction
        • Running a simple test
        • Recording scenario files using fiddler
        • Adding thinking time
        • Other free load generation tools
      • Visual Studio Team System 2008 Test Edition/Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate
        • Setting up a demo site
        • Creating a simple web test
        • Creating a second web test
        • Coded web tests
        • Combining web tests into a load test
        • Running the load test
        • Load testing components
      • Making sure the load generator isnt bottlenecking
    • Find out more
    • Summary
  • Index

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