\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{fourier}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
  axis lines=center, 
  axis equal, 
  xtick distance=1,
  ytick distance=1,
  minor tick num=3,
  xlabel=$x$,
  ylabel=$y$,
  xmax=5.4,
]
\addplot[thick] table[x=x, y=y1] {dane.txt};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}