\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{fourier}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
  axis lines=center, 
  axis equal,
  domain=0:2*pi,
  ymax=1.1, 
  ymin=-1.1,
  xtick={-1,1}, 
  ytick={-1,1},
  xmax=1.2, 
  xmin=-1.2
]
\addplot[thick, samples=80, smooth] 
  ({cos(3*deg(x))*cos(deg(x))}, {cos(3*deg(x))*sin(deg(x))});
\end{axis}
\node[right] at (4,1) {
$f(t)=\left\{
\begin{array}{l}
x=\cos(3t)\cos(t)\\
y=\cos(3t)\sin(t) 
\end{array}\right.$};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}